Python Modules by Naresh I Technologies

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Python modules are files containing Python code (functions, classes, and variables) that can be imported and reused in other programs. They help keep code organized, reusable, and efficient.

1️⃣ Types of Python Modules

Python modules are categorized into three main types:

✅ 1. Built-in Modules (Pre-installed)

Python has several modules that come pre-installed.
These include os, sys, math, random, datetime, json, etc.
Example: Using the math module

import math
print(math.sqrt(16))  # Output: 4.0

✅ 2. User-Defined Modules (Custom modules)

You can create your own modules by saving Python functions in a .py file.
Example: Creating a custom module my_module.py

# my_module.py
def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

Import and use it in another script:

import my_module
print(my_module.greet("Alice"))  # Output: Hello, Alice!

✅ 3. External Modules (Third-party)

These modules are installed via pip and not included in Python by default.
Examples: numpy, pandas, requests, flask, etc.
Install & use an external module:

pip install requests

import requests
response = requests.get("https://api.github.com")
print(response.status_code)  # Output: 200

2️⃣ Useful Built-in Python Modules

Here are some commonly used built-in Python modules:

Module	Purpose
`os`	Interact with the operating system (files, directories, environment variables)
`sys`	Access system-specific parameters & functions
`math`	Perform mathematical operations
`random`	Generate random numbers
`datetime`	Work with dates and time
`time`	Handle time-related functions
`json`	Parse and handle JSON data
`re`	Work with regular expressions
`statistics`	Perform statistical operations
`csv`	Read and write CSV files

3️⃣ Exploring Installed Modules

To see a list of available modules in Python:

help('modules')

4️⃣ Importing Modules in Different Ways

1. Import the whole module

import math
print(math.pi)  # Output: 3.141592653589793

2. Import specific functions

from math import sqrt, ceil
print(sqrt(25))  # Output: 5.0
print(ceil(4.3)) # Output: 5

3. Import with an alias

import datetime as dt
print(dt.datetime.now())  # Current date and time

4. Import everything using

from math import *
print(factorial(5))  # Output: 120

5️⃣ Creating and Using Your Own Module

Step 1: Create a module file

Create a file my_module.py with some functions:

# my_module.py
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

def subtract(a, b):
    return a - b

Step 2: Import and use it

import my_module

print(my_module.add(5, 3))  # Output: 8
print(my_module.subtract(10, 4))  # Output: 6

6️⃣ Finding Module Location

To check where Python imports a module from:

import math
print(math.__file__)

? Summary

✔ Python modules make code reusable and organized.
✔ There are built-in, user-defined, and external modules.
✔ You can import modules in different ways using import, from module import, or aliases.
✔ External modules can be installed via pip install module_name.

Scope @ NareshIT:

At NareshIT’s Python application Development program you will be able to get the extensive hands-on training in front-end, middleware, and back-end technology.
It skilled you along with phase-end and capstone projects based on real business scenarios.
Here you learn the concepts from leading industry experts with content structured to ensure industrial relevance.
An end-to-end application with exciting features

1️⃣ Types of Python Modules

✅ 1. Built-in Modules (Pre-installed)

✅ 2. User-Defined Modules (Custom modules)

✅ 3. External Modules (Third-party)

2️⃣ Useful Built-in Python Modules

3️⃣ Exploring Installed Modules

4️⃣ Importing Modules in Different Ways

1. Import the whole module

5️⃣ Creating and Using Your Own Module

Step 1: Create a module file

6️⃣ Finding Module Location

? Summary

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