How to Implement Super Function in Python

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Introduction:

  1. Presently the Python is considered as a more powerful language because it has provided a great tool and enriched library for data crunching and preparation. 

  2. The use of super () in Python is mostly used to make the program more dynamic.

  3.  It is the concept which is mostly used in Inheritance programming when we need to refer to multiple classes or parent classes without having to name them first.

Here, I am going to discuss about the Super () in Python regarding its use and implementation. Here we are also going to discuss the example and then we will explain the working approach of super () in details.

Introduction to Super Function:

  1. As we have already discussed earlier that the super() in Python is mostly used to make the program more dynamic.

  2.  When we are going to implement the concept of single inheritance programming then if we need to refer to multiple classes or parent classes without having to name them first then super() is get used.

  3. Sometimes when we need to return a proxy object while using the delegates method calls to a parent or sister class of type then Super () is used. 

  4. When we are going to implement the concept of overriding in a class for accessing the inherited methods then super () is going to be used.

Let us consider the following example which will let you know how to write a super() in Python. Mostly in Python 3 when we need to write a program using super() then it has to go through the following manner.

Example:

class MyParentClass():
def __init__(self):
pass 
class SubClass(MyParentClass):
def __init__(self):
super()

Here we are going to discuss the concept in more detailed way.

Making use of Super in your Programming:

As we have already discussed above that it is a technique in which we need to return a proxy object while using the delegates method calls to a parent or sister class. Also when we are going to implement the concept of single inheritance programming then if we need to refer to multiple classes or parent classes without having to name them first.

It should be noted that If you are using Python version 3.0 and above, the method for using super function is as follows.

super().methoName(args)

If you are using an earlier build of Python, the syntax for super function will be,

super(subClass, instance).method(args)

Let us consider the following example which will let you know how the use of super()  will take place in a program.

Example:

When we are going to use the super() in inline approach then the technique for implementation will be as follows.

class MyParentClass(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
 
class SubClass(MyParentClass):
def __init__(self):
MyParentClass.__init__(self)

But on the other hand if we are going to use earlier version of Python like Python 2 then the implementation will be like as below.

class SubClass(MyParentClass):
def __init__(self):
super(SubClass, self).__init__()

Let us consider the following program which will let you know the use of super(). Here in the following program the we are having a class called Square and an another class called Cube which is going to inherits the class Square. The code is as showed below.

Program:

class Square: 
     def __init__(self, side): 
         self.side = side 
  
     def area(self): 
         return self.side * self.side 
  
class Cube(Square): 
      def area(self): 
         face_area = self.side * self.side 
         return face_area * 6
  
     def volume(self): 
         face_area = self.side * self.side 
         return face_area * self.side 

Note:

Here in the above program it should be get noted that the  Cube class does not have an __init__() method. So the __init__() of Square class will be used for initialization of Cube instances. It is the basic property of inheritance mechanism which we are going to implement here.

As we have already discussed above that super() is basically used to returns a proxy object of the parent class so, when we are going to call the method  area() of Square class using super() as, super().area(). Then it is usually going to be accomplished as a modified definition of the class Cube.

class Cube(Square): 
     def area(self): 
         return super().area() * 6
  
     def volume(self): 
         return super().area() * self.side() 

Uses of Super Function in Python:

 

  1. The super function in Python is proved to be extremely useful for forwarding compatibility. 

  2. It enables the concept of code reusability what Inheritance concept is used to provide.

  3. If we are going to use correctly then it diminishes the requirement of declaring the characteristics of all the classes.

  4. If we are going to use the super() then it must be present within your Python library.

  5. Because, during the execution, both the callee as well as caller functions must have the same signature as well as address otherwise it will give you the error.

  6. If we need to use a super function, then we need to call it by using the super() keyword.

  7. If we are going to use a zero argument form of super() then it can be done when we can only be used inside a class definition.

  8. As it is used to support the concept of auto-filled by the compiler so if we use super() inside a class, say X, super() will be converted into super(X, self) by the compiler.

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