As you know that the Linux is an open-source operating system just like other operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac OS, iOS, Google android, etc used. It is broadly used to denotes a complete family of free and open-source software operating system (for which we need not require to pay anything) distributions. These are completely get built around the Linux kernel. It was first started as a clone of the MINIX operating system. In order to bring such things feasible, some Open-source contributors are going to add the kernel of Linux and side by side they also expanded the feature of the hardware compatibility. So, the most important and reliable feature of Linux’s hardware is that it can support much hardware without having any compatibility issues and they are free. So, the free licensing made the Linux to become more popular choice for everyone for desktop and server computing.
Here I am going to discuss the following important aspect related to python and I hope it will help you to understand the Linux in more details.
If you need to be familiar with Linux, first you need to understand the basic commands for Linux. Hence, I am going to discuss a list of useful Linux commands here which will guide you and will be of help no matter which Linux Curriculum you choose to learn from. It should be noted that the Linux provides a CLI (Command Line Interface) to communicate with the OS. Here are the most basic of the Linux Commands.
syntax: $ pwd
syntax: $ echo "<text>"
Note: It should also be noted that when we need to use to switch to root-user and sometimes the superuser permissions if we need to execute then this command is basically used.
syntax: $ su
syntax: $ su <username>
syntax: $ sudo <command>
syntax: $ clear
Note: I have discussed the important command above which we are going to use more frequently here. But if you need to understand then you can reach to us.
Working with files are the most important need for every programmer and thus we need to have the idea on it that how we are going to work with this. To have a small glance I am going to discuss the few important command here.
syntax: $ cp <flag> {filename} /pathname/
Here I am going to share a list of sub command which is used along with the cp command as below along with the explanation.
syntax: $ mv <flag> {filename} /pathname/
syntax: $ rm <flag> {filename}
syntax: $ grep <flag or element_to_search> {filename}
syntax: $ cat <flag> {filename}
Note: I have discussed the important command above which we are going to use more frequently here. But if you need to understand then you can reach to us.
syntax: $ ls <flag>
syntax: $ cd /pathname/
syntax: $ sort <flag> {filename}
syntax: $ rmdir <flag> {directoryname}
syntax: $ chmod <permissions of user,group,others> {filename}
Here I am going to discuss some of the stable version of Linux OS and their relevant Commands to install them successfully into your system.
For an RHEL based system;
syntax: $ sudo yum install package-name
For a Debian based system;
syntax: $ sudo apt-get install package-name
For a Fedora based system;
syntax: $ sudo dnf install package-name
When we need to work with the Zip files, we need to download a package from the internet. It is free of cost and more reliable. Here the downloaded file gets come in the compressed form. So, you need to unzip it when you are going to use it. Here I am going to discuss some important commands to decompress and compress files in Linux.
syntax: $ tar –cvf tar-filename source-folder-name
The following command is used to unzip files of .tar format.
syntax: $ tar –xvf tar-file-name
To work with the remote system and to get the access for the remote system, we are going to use the following command as discussed below.
The command mentioned below is basically used on running at the slave node. By using this you will give remote access to the master system.
syntax: $ ssh <master's ip>
The command mentioned below is basically used on running at the master node. By using this you will give remote access to the slave system.
syntax: $ ssh <slave's ip>
Whenever we are considering the computer for computing then the concept of Operating system is also come into our consideration. Merely the operating system is a software that enables the communication between computer hardware and software. It is used to make the hardware of the system useable. It conveys input to get processed by the processor and brings output to the hardware to display it.
As we have discussed earlier that the operating system is a software that enables the communication between computer hardware and software. It is used to make the hardware of the system useable. It conveys input to get processed by the processor and brings output to the hardware to display it.
In other words, it may also be defined as an Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user and computer hardware. An operating system is a software which performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
As per the architecture point of view the Linux Operating System's architecture primarily has these components: such as,
Depending on the module and its utility, in Linux the Kernels is mainly classified into following category such as:
The Hardware layer of the LINUX operating system consists of peripheral devices such as RAM, HDD, CPU.
In the similar way the System libraries are special functions, that are used to implement the functionality of the operating system and do not require code access rights of kernel modules.
Though both shells perform operations, but the graphical user interface shells perform slower than the command line interface shells. Types of shells are classified into four:
As the Linux Operating system is very much popular and efficient platform, it usually has the following major features such as,
Portable: It is more reliable and due to its small structure; it is portable in nature. The platform Linux operating system can work on different types of hardware’s as well as Linux kernel supports the installation of any kind of hardware platform.
Open Source: It is completely open source, so you need not require paying for it. The Source code of LINUX operating system is freely available.
Multiuser: Like Windows the Linux operating system is also support the multiuser system. Here the multiple users can access the system resources (RAM, Memory or Application programs) at the same time concurrently without having any problem.
Multiprogramming: Like Windows OS the Linux OS is also support the concept of multiprogramming. Here depending upon the requirement, the user can allow to run the multiple applications at the same time without having any loss of performance of the system.
Hierarchical File System: The Linux operating system is being designed in such a beautiful manner so that it can be able to afford a standard file structure.
Shell: Unlike Windows OS the Linux operating system has a special interpreter program. This program is mainly used to execute commands of the OS.
Security: The Linux operating system is very much secure and tuff. As it works on the principle of Kernel and Shell concept so it offers the user security systems using authentication features like encryption of data or password protection or controlled access to particular files.
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